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Dewey & LeBoeuf LLP
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10019-6022
tel +1 212 259 8088
fax +1 212 649 9479 |
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January 22, 2010 |
VIA EDGAR CORRESPONDENCE FILING
Mr. Jim B. Rosenberg
Senior Assistant Chief Accountant
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: File No. 1-32630
Dear Mr. Rosenberg:
We hereby submit the following responses to the comment letter dated January 13, 2010, from the
Staff (the Staff) of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) relating to the
Form 10-Q of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. (FNF or the Company) for the quarterly period
ended September 30, 2009. To assist your review, we have retyped the text of those comments below.
Part II: Other Information Item 1, Legal Proceedings, page 38
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On page 20, you disclose that During September and October 2009, there were
developments, including two court rulings, relating to coverages under certain insurance
policies on a fraud claim that caused the Company to reevaluate its position on maintaining
a recorded insurance recoverable. The Company previously carried a receivable of
approximately $83.2 million. In your October
22, 2009 earnings conference call your Chief Executive Officer, Randy Quirk, elaborated on
this fraud claim. That was a specific insurance receivable related to a claim known as the
Norton claim in San Diego.... it was very specific to a fraud situation, a massive fraud
situation in San Diego, California and it occurred in 2007 and early 2008. In connection
with this massive fraud situation in San Diego, please revise your disclosure to provide the
information required by Item 103 of Regulation S-K. If you believe that this falls within
Instruction 2 to Item 103 of Regulation S-K, please provide us with your analysis as to why
you believe this is a proceeding that involves primarily a claim for damages. In addition,
please |
New York | London multinational partnership | Washington, DC
Albany | Almaty | Beijing | Boston | Brussels | Chicago | Doha | Dubai
Frankfurt | Hong Kong | Houston | Johannesburg (pty ) ltd. | Los Angeles | Madrid | Milan | Moscow
Paris multinational partnership | Riyadh affiliated office | Rome | San Francisco | Silicon Valley | Warsaw
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 2
consider and provide us with your analysis of the standards for materiality of this
legal proceeding besides those explicitly mentioned in the Instructions to the Item. For
example, among other things, you should consider your reputation and your ability to earn
revenue and raise cash in the future.
Although the Staffs comment relates to the Form 10-Q of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. for
the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009, FNF does not believe that any disclosure of the
Norton Litigations (as defined below) as pending legal proceedings was required in that report or
in any prior 1934 Act report of FNF.
Background. Chicago Title Company (CTC) and Chicago Title Insurance Company
(CTIC), wholly owned subsidiaries of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. (collectively, the
Companies) have been co-defendants along with unrelated parties in a number of multiparty civil
lawsuits filed in state court in San Diego, CA, which we will refer to as the Norton
Litigations.1 The first of the suits was filed in 2005, but the Companies were not
named as defendants until 2006. Most of the cases were resolved by the first quarter of 2008, as
described further below, although a few remain. All the suits are factually centered on the
acquisition of an apartment building known as Crown Point, the conversion of Crown Point to
condominiums and the sale of those condo units by a real estate developer, accountant and financial
consultant, Rollo Richard Norton (Norton), through his various business entities. In order to
finance the project, Norton borrowed monies at high interest rates from lenders and his clients and
also used his clients as straw men to buy and sell the units and finance and refinance the units.
CTC acted as escrow agent in the closings of many of these real estate transactions. CTIC title
insurance policies were issued at these closings. By December 2005, Norton was no longer able to
obtain the funds necessary to continue his operations. Plaintiffs were Nortons clients. Some
alleged their identities were used without their knowledge for real estate transactions at Crown
Point, causing them damage; some that they partnered with Norton as straw men and did not get
profits or money for doing so as promised; some that they invested with Norton giving him money for
unsecured notes and then lost their money; and some made a combination of these allegations. The
plaintiffs also claimed the Companies were co-
conspirators and aiders and abettors in Nortons activities and/or negligent in handling the
Crown Point transactions. The Companies have denied all the allegations. Plaintiffs claimed
economic loss (compensatory damages, plus interest) and non-economic loss (emotional distress
damages and punitive damages), and some who are elders claimed treble damages and attorneys fees
under a California statute. In all, a total of 79 plaintiffs filed suits against the Companies and
other defendants, alleging approximately $44 million in economic loss.
When the initial lawsuits were first served, the Companies retained defense counsel and
thereafter notified their insurers who provide miscellaneous professional liability
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Attached as Exhibit A to this letter is a
list of all the Norton Litigations. As described in Exhibit A, the claims of
two sets of Nortons clients were settled by the Companies prior to any
litigation being filed. |
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 3
(MPL)
insurance and comprehensive general liability (GL) insurance, as well as their fidelity bond
(Fidelity Bond) issuers and their title and escrow claims reinsurer. The Companies received a
favorable written opinion from their coverage counsel in early August 2007. Based on this opinion,
FNF believed it had insurance coverage that would be available for any losses, subject to an
aggregate $10 million retention across different coverages. Some of the early cases were resolved
for modest amounts with contributions from another title insurer who also processed Crown Point
transactions. Beginning in the second quarter of 2007 and continuing through early January 2008,
the Companies paid significantly larger settlements to certain particularly sympathetic plaintiffs,
including a number of elders. Two of the Companies insurers paid policy limits in contribution to
the payment of the settlements and defense costs, which tended to confirm the Companies view that
coverage was available, while certain other insurers challenged coverage. Nevertheless, during
2007 and 2008 the Companies continued to receive assurances from their coverage counsel that there
was sufficient insurance to respond to the losses that were being incurred, subject to the $10
million retention. In the third quarter of 2009, however, the Companies obtained a second opinion
on the coverage issues from different counsel. On October 6, 2009, just after the close of the
third quarter, FNF also received an adverse ruling in a suit against the GL insurer holding there
was no duty to defend and no coverage under that policy (which the Companies have appealed). On
January 7, 2010, the Companies settled their claim against an MPL carrier, which had been reflected
on FNFs balance sheet as a $20 million receivable as of September 30, 2009, for $28 million. The
Companies continue to negotiate with their GL insurers and Fidelity Bond issuers and continue to
believe that some additional recoveries are possible. The Companies payments in settlements and
defense costs to date have been approximately $148 million, against which the Companies have
recovered approximately $71 million from their insurers, all as more fully described in the
response to the Staffs second question below.
Of the original 15 suits, there are four suits remaining that have been consolidated for trial
which is set to begin January 29, 2010. Based on the small amount of economic loss and the facts
of the remaining claims, the Companies believe that the remaining exposure is not significant. The
plaintiffs in these cases allege total economic losses of approximately $4.75 million. Although
there are 21 plaintiffs that remain, because some are husband and wife there are only 14 claims
left. With regard to four of the claims, the Companies expert will opine that
those plaintiffs have not suffered any economic damage, while the plaintiffs expert will not
opine as to whether they have suffered any economic damage. All of the claimants but four have
admitted they were partners with Norton in obtaining loans from banks by representing they were
buying the units or refinancing the units in their own right (rather than as straw men for Norton)
and misrepresenting their income and assets. Although various criminal laws of California may have
applied to such conduct, it has been made the subject of a new criminal statute that was enacted in
California this year: mortgage fraud. Some of the economic losses sought are the profits from this
activity, and the Company believes that all these plaintiffs were complicit in Nortons wrongdoing.
The Companies believe that all these plaintiffs come to court
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 4
with unclean hands or were in
pari delicto and should not be entitled to recover anything. Also, three of the remaining
claimants never had any contact or dealings with the Companies at all. These plaintiffs will have
difficulty showing how the Companies could have conceivably caused their loss. The Companies
intend to vigorously defend and believe they will eventually prevail on many, if not all, of the
remaining claims. Although further litigation has been threatened by plaintiffs counsel if the
actions are not settled, no new cases have been filed. The Companies believe the risk of further
litigation is not great, particularly if plaintiffs do not obtain a significant recovery in the
existing cases.
It should be noted that none of the Norton Litigations is criminal in nature, or brought by
any governmental authority. The United States Attorney has investigated Norton and several of his
employees, and Norton and two of his employees waived indictment and entered guilty pleas to felony
criminal informations. They are awaiting sentencing. The US Attorney has never charged any
current or former FNF employee. The Companies have cooperated with the US Attorney, but have never
been a target of the investigation or been charged. Also, the California Insurance Department
has reviewed FNFs conduct and has taken no action to date although the investigation is on-going.
Discussion. The Norton Litigations were at no time required to be disclosed under
Item 103 of Regulation S-K. The primary remedies sought by the plaintiffs were and are money
damages; the individual plaintiffs who sued the Companies were (and in the remaining cases are)
seeking damages to reimburse them for the harm caused them by Norton.2 The cases have
been settled for cash and no remedy other than damages has been granted to any plaintiff.
Instruction 2 excludes from disclosure under Item 103 any pending proceeding that involves
primarily a claim for damages if the amount involved, exclusive of interest and costs, does not
exceed 10% of the consolidated current assets of the registrant. Collectively, the Norton
Litigations are well below this threshold. FNFs current assets have been at least approximately
$4 billion since December 31, 2005, shortly before the first cases against the
Company were filed. The total amount paid out in settlement and for legal costs in all Norton
Litigations to date is approximately $148 million, well below 10% of FNFs current assets.
Accordingly, disclosure of the Norton Litigations was not required.
Even if Instruction 2 did not apply to the Norton Litigations, FNF does not believe that the
Norton Litigations were ever material pending legal proceedings under Item 103 or otherwise, nor
are they today. As a title insurance company, part of FNFs ordinary business is handling a
variety of claims arising out of its title and escrow services. FNFs stockholders
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Three suits claimed a cause of action for
relief under the California Unfair Competition Law and, in addition to money
damages, requested rescission and injunctive relief. All other causes of
action were for money damages. Plaintiffs never pursued these other remedies
and the cases were settled by the payment of money damages. |
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 5
understand that
it faces many claims, some of which can be large.3 As is the case in the Norton
Litigations, FNFs operating subsidiaries are routinely subject to civil litigation alleging they
were negligent or engaged in intentional torts in providing closing services and title insurance.
Tort allegations are common in claims-related proceedings against large insurers. Approximately
450 suits were filed in 2006-2008 against FNF subsidiaries containing tort allegations in
connection with title and escrow claims matters. FNF takes the risk of these types of claims into
account in establishing its claims reserves. Further, mortgage fraud, the cause of the underlying
losses in the Norton Litigations, is unfortunately not an uncommon occurrence in the United States.
As the leading title and escrow provider in the US, FNFs subsidiaries today close and/or insure
approximately one-third of all real estate transactions in the United States. As a result, the
Company has exposure to about one-third of all fraudulent transactions relating to mortgages. FNF
has a robust, state-of-the-art mortgage fraud prevention program headed by a former United States
Attorney.4 Despite FNFs best efforts to fight mortgage fraud, when it occurs it is
likewise not uncommon for FNF to be sued, frequently as the only deep pocket left on the scene.
FNF and its subsidiaries defend a substantial number of civil suits arising out of mortgage fraud
every year and FNF considers them ordinary claims incidental to its business. Based solely on the
nature of the cases, FNF does not believe there is a substantial likelihood that a disclosure about
the Norton Litigations, when they were pending, would have been viewed by a reasonable investor as
having significantly altered the total mix of information available about the company.5
Moreover, even apart from the routine nature of the cases, at all times when the Norton
Litigations were pending FNF reasonably viewed their likely impact as immaterial. Any payments in
the cases would be charged to FNFs loss reserves, resulting in no charge to net
income. Even if the Company could have foreseen the likelihood that it would pay out $148
million (or $77 million net of recoveries to date) to defend and settle the Norton Litigations, the
magnitude of the event would not have been significant, given the Companys substantial total
assets, loss reserves and equity capitalization. Further, FNF believed, based on advice of its
counsel, that any conceivable payment and defense costs would be recoverable from its various
insurers, net of a $10 million retention. Given the Companys reasonable belief that any
amounts
would be largely recoverable, the magnitude of their likely impact was even more
immaterial.6
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FNF is not alone in this judgment; a review
of recent 10-Ks filed by a half-dozen large insurers revealed no cases where
specific claims litigation was described in the document. |
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The anti-fraud program contains fraud
detection and prevention measures such as mandatory audit programs, an
anonymous employee hot line number, cash rewards for reporting mortgage fraud,
mandatory training, intercompany fraud alert communications, an identity theft
prevention software system, participation in FBI mortgage fraud working groups,
and an internal investigation unit dedicated to mortgage fraud investigations.
These efforts have resulted in hundreds of referrals of suspected mortgage
fraud to law enforcement and regulatory agencies, a number of which have
resulted in prosecutions, convictions or debarments. |
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Accordingly, FNF also believes the Norton
Litigations were excludable under Instruction 1 to Item 103. |
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It is well-established that materiality
judgments should be made not in hindsight, but based on the facts as they
appeared to the issuer at the time the disclosures were made. |
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 6
The recent case of In Re: Fuwei Films Securities Litigation, 634 F. Supp. 2d 419,
443-44 (S.D.N.Y 2009) directly supports the appropriateness of FNFs disclosures. In Fuwei
Films, the plaintiffs claimed that a pending arbitration that exposed the defendants to claims
of damages approximating 2% of defendants consolidated assets was required to be disclosed in the
Legal Proceedings section of defendants Form 10-K. Judge Sullivan of the Southern District of New
York disagreed and granted the defendants motion to dismiss, finding that:
Applying Item 103 to this case, it is undisputed that at the time the Registration
Statement was filed, Fuweis assets totaled approximately $57.6 million, and that the
undisclosed arbitration sought damages of approximately two percent of that amount, $1.25
million. Therefore, guided by Item 103, the Court finds that Fuwei was not required to
disclose a litigation that does not exceed 10 percent of the current assets of the
registrant. 17 C.F.R. §229.103. Cf. Panther Partners, 538 F. Supp. 2d at
668 (noting that Regulation S-K gives rise to specific duties to disclose, and provides
detailed guidance about the items to be disclosed, and the nature and specificity required
of each disclosure). Furthermore, notwithstanding Item 103, the Court independently holds
that a reasonable investor would not deem a pending arbitration seeking two percent of
Fuweis assets to be information significantly altering the total mix of information
available. Mayhew, 121 F.3d at 52. Accordingly, the Court grants Defendants
motion to dismiss the [plaintiffs complaint] for failure to plead actionable misstatements
or omissions pertaining to the pending arbitration proceedings against Fuwei. Fuwei
Films, 634 F.Supp. 2d at 443-44 (emphasis added) (certain internal citations omitted).
FNF had consolidated assets of $8.1 billion at September 30, 2009. Most of the Norton
Litigations have already been settled for a gross amount, before recoveries, of less than 2% of
FNFs consolidated assets. After actual recoveries, the percentage is even lower. Any payment
would have been charged to loss reserves. Moreover, FNF reasonably believed that it had insurance
coverage that would have made the overall out-of-pocket payment insignificant.
As a result, the magnitude of the potential events, even if foreseeable, would not have been
material to reasonable investors when the cases were pending.
The Staffs comment also requested that FNF consider the impact of the claims on matters such
as its reputation and ability to earn revenue and raise cash in the future, in evaluating their
materiality. FNF does not believe that the Norton Litigations have had or will have any material
effect on these matters. The actual size of the Norton losses paid, by itself, has had no impact
on the company. Further, the Norton Litigations have been reported in the press
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 7
in Southern
California since at least 2006. FNF does not believe these allegations have had a material effect
on its business there. Moreover, had they been nationally reported, FNF does not believe that
these claims would have materially affected its business in other markets, especially given that
they involved allegations relating to only a few local employees in one market and not senior
executives or company-wide problems. The allegations made in the cases related to three lower
level employees, who were an escrow officer, a sales representative and a county manager for one of
FNFs several title brands in one of Californias 53 counties. FNF employs thousands of escrow
officers and title representatives, and hundreds of county managers. Even if proven (which it has
never been), FNF believes that any improper conduct by three local FNF employees would not in and
of itself materially affect FNFs business as the nations largest title insurer. As to capital
raising, because FNF believes these matters are not material under the securities laws, FNF
believes that by definition they would have had no material effect on its abilities in that regard.
Accordingly, FNF believes it correctly followed Regulation S-K in not including the Norton
Litigations in the Legal Proceedings portion of its disclosures and does not believe amendment of
prior disclosures is appropriate, or that anything relating to the cases should be disclosed in the
Legal Proceedings sections of future filings.
Part I: Financial Information
Note G Summary of Reserve for Claim Losses, page 20
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Please refer to your disclosure regarding the fraud claim. |
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Please revise your disclosure to include a roll forward of the activity associated
with the insurance recoverable balance on a quarterly basis, beginning with when it was
originally recorded in 2007 through December 31, 2009. For each activity in the roll
forward such as increases for amounts recoverable, decreases for collections and other
adjustments, disclose how it was reflected in the financial statements and the facts
and circumstances that existed that supported recording it during the quarter. For
each activity, tell us the reason you believe your accounting treatment complied with
GAAP and cite for us any relevant accounting guidance. |
The Company does not believe that revision of its Form 10-Q to provide a roll-forward would
provide useful information to investors in addition to what is already presented in the Form 10-Q.
However, in response to the Staffs comment, the Company does propose to include additional
narrative disclosure on a prospective basis beginning in its Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2009. This additional disclosure is set forth at the end of this response. The Company has
provided a quarterly rollforward and an annual rollforward of the insurance recoverable for 2007 to
the present as Exhibit B
to this response on a supplemental basis for the Staffs information.
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 8
As noted in response to comment 1 above, the Company began paying claims relating to the
Norton Litigations in 2007. As these claims were paid the Company recorded a corresponding
receivable for amounts expected to be recovered from its various insurers. Through September 30,
2009, the Company had paid claims and defense costs of approximately $140 million and received cash
recoupments from insurance carriers of $42 million. This activity resulted in the Company carrying
a receivable of $20 million, $81.4 million and $31.4 million as of September 30, 2009, December 31,
2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, which represented 0.2%, 1.0% and 0.4% of total assets at
each of those dates, respectively, all as more fully set forth in Exhibit B. The Company reserves
for activities relating to title insurance and escrow services through its provision for claim
losses and accounts for recoveries relating to claims payments as a reduction of claims payments in
its reserve for claim losses consistent with ASC 944-40-30-1 through ASC 944-40-30-4. During the
quarter ended December 31, 2009, the Company received an additional $12 million from an insurer and
subsequent to December 31, 2009, the Company reached agreement with that insurer for an additional
$16 million payable within 30 days, bringing the total recoupment in this matter to approximately
$71 million. Based on the terms of that settlement, the Company will record an $8 million credit
to the statement of earnings upon collection as that is the amount in excess of the $8 million
receivable balance recorded as of December 31, 2009. The Company is continuing to pursue
recoveries from other insurers. The Company also notes that it began including disclosure relating
to the Norton Litigations and the corresponding receivable balance in the Liquidity and Capital
Resources section of its Managements Discussion and Analysis beginning with its Form 10-Q for the
period ended March 31, 2008 and continued to update this disclosure in each reported period
thereafter.
Since at least mid-2007, the Company believed that it had the ability to collect under various
insurance policies consisting of protection of $60 million under a miscellaneous professional
liability policy, a financial institution bond with coverage of up to $50 million, a general
liability policy with coverage of up to $200 million, and a title reinsurance policy of up to $80
million. A summary of each policy is below:
Miscellaneous Professional Liability (MPL). This policy insures against damages that the
Company is legally obligated to pay for claims for wrongful acts in rendering
professional services. Coverage under the MPL is limited to total protection of $60 million
subject to a $5 million self-insured retention, with a $15 million limit per wrongful act. The $60
million total protection is made up of five excess insurance layers. The two initial layers
represented coverage of $15 million each and were collected during the fourth quarter of 2007 and
first quarter of 2008. The third layer of $10 million was originally disputed by the carrier. The
Company then negotiated with the carriers of the fourth and fifth layers a payment of $12.5
million and through that agreement compromised $7.5 million of recovery that it intended to pursue
from the carrier of the third layer. As a result of a favorable court ruling in October 2009 the
carrier of the third layer paid the Company $12 million and began to negotiate with the
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 9
Company to
settle any claim relating to a bad faith determination by the court under its duty to defend the
Company. In January 2010, the Company reached a settlement with the carrier of the third layer for
an additional recovery of $16 million payable within 30 days. The total recovery under this policy
comes to a total of $70.8 million.
Financial Institution Bond (Fidelity Bond). The Fidelity Bond insures against economic
losses resulting from forgery, unauthorized signature and fraudulent real property mortgages, among
other acts. The Fidelity Bond provides coverage of up to $50 million. The contract contains
policy time limits for notice, proof of loss and suit against the insurer. The Company continues
to pursue recovery under this insurance policy.
General Liability Policy (GL). The GL policy includes coverage for personal injury that
results from the insureds business activities and is caused by an offense, including making known
to any person or organization covered material that violates a persons right of privacy or right
of occupancy. The GL policy provides total protection of $200 million after a $500,000 deductible.
In October 2009, the Company received an unfavorable ruling relating to coverage under this policy
in regard to the Norton Litigations. The Company continues to pursue recovery under this insurance
policy notwithstanding the ruling.
Title reinsurance. The Company is party to a title reinsurance arrangement providing total
protection of $80 million per occurrence subject to a $10 million deductible per occurrence. The
Companys $10 million retention under this arrangement applies to each loss occurrence, which is
defined as a loss or series of losses arising out of the acts or omissions of any one individual or
two or more individuals acting in association or collusion. The known facts indicate that the same
individuals are involved in each of the transactions which are the subject of the Norton
Litigations. Thus, such losses in the aggregate constitute a single loss occurrence.
For each reporting period since 2007, the Company reviewed its accounting treatment for the
recorded amount of insurance recoverable under the provisions of the following authoritative
literature:
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position No. 96-1 (SOP
96-1). SOP 96-1 includes guidance regarding the appropriate accounting treatment for pending
insurance recoveries. SOP 96-1 states that an asset relating to an insurance recovery should be
recognized only when realization of the claim for recovery is deemed probable and collectible. SOP
96-1 also states that, if the claim is subject to litigation, there exists a rebuttable presumption
that realization of the claim is not probable. SOP 96-1 also states that, if an asset is
recognized, it should be recorded at fair value. In determining the fair value, the time value of
money is taken into account only if the corresponding liability is recorded at a discounted amount.
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 10
Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5-Y (SAB Topic 5-Y).
Footnote 58 of SAB Topic 5-Y states that the SEC staff believes that there is a rebuttable
presumption that no asset should be recognized for a claim for recovery from a party that is
asserting that it is not liable to indemnify a registrant. It also states that registrants that
overcome that presumption should disclose the amount of recorded recoveries that are being
contested and discuss the reasons for concluding that the amounts are probable of recovery.
Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5,
Accounting for Contingencies (SFAS 5). SFAS 5 makes it clear in paragraph 17 that, in order to
avoid recognizing revenue prior to realization, contingent gains are not usually recorded.
Therefore, all contingencies must be resolved prior to recognizing a pending insurance recovery as
an asset. The Company does not believe that the accounting for an insurance recovery constitutes a
gain contingency under SFAS 5.
From inception of the claim through September 30, 2009, the Company believed that through the
various insurance policies discussed above, which provided coverage of approximately $390 million,
a full recovery of the amounts paid less any deductions for retention was probable. Through March
31, 2008, the Company had already received recoupments of approximately $42.5 million. While
certain carriers under certain coverages had asserted that they were not liable to indemnify the
Company, at each period end there was still excess coverage and coverage under other policies upon
which the Company believed it probable that it would recover. As of December 31, 2007, the Company
had recoverable amounts of $31.4 million and had insurance policies (the Fidelity Bond and Title
Reinsurance) in excess of $130 million that had not denied coverage. The Company also believed it
would recover significant amounts under the GL policy. From March 31, 2008 through June 30, 2009,
the Company carried recoverable amounts between $78.3 million and $81.4 million and had insurance
policies in excess of $130 million that had not denied coverage, and additionally continued to
believe that it would recover significant amounts from coverage under the GL policy through
negotiations and litigation. A court ruling in early October 2009 solidified the amounts expected
to be recovered from the carrier of the third layer in the MPL insurance coverage, but the
unfavorable ruling relating to the GL policy, together with an evaluation from a new outside
counsel in the third quarter of 2009, caused the Company to reevaluate its position on the
collectability of the entire insurance recoverable. The Company determined that, although it
continues to pursue recovery under these policies, this unfavorable ruling reduced the likelihood
of collection of the full amount of its recorded recoverable from an accounting perspective.
Accordingly the Company reduced this receivable by $63 million and continued to carry $20 million
that it deemed probable of collection. As described above, a final settlement was reached in
January 2010 which will result in the Company ultimately receiving a total of $28 million relating
to the September 30, 2009 receivable balance.
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 11
As noted above, the Company believes that its accounting and disclosure for these matters is
appropriate and that revising its Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2009 would not
provide additional disclosure that would be meaningful to investors. However, in response to the
Staffs comment, the Company proposes adding the following disclosure in its Summary of Reserve for
Claim Losses footnote on a prospective basis beginning with its Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2009:
Beginning in 2007, the Company began making payments on a group of related fraud
claims alleging negligence and fraud related to issuing title insurance policies and closing
escrow transactions. The Company believed that it had the ability to recoup all of these
payments, subject to a $10 million retention, from various insurance policies that covered
the Company from this type of activity. Through December 31, 2007, the Company had paid
approximately $51.9 million in claims and had received cash recoupment from insurance
carriers of approximately $15.5 million and had an insurance recoverable of $31.4 million
included in the consolidated balance sheet. Through March 31, 2008, the Company had paid an
additional $79.1 million in claims and received an additional $27.5 million in cash
recoupment from insurance carriers and had an insurance recoverable of $78.3 million
included in the consolidated balance sheet. During the remainder of 2008 and through
September 30, 2009 there were approximately $7.4 million in claims payments and
approximately $3.0 million in insurance recoveries resulting in an $83.2 million insurance
recoverable included in the consolidated balance sheet at that time. During the quarter
ended December 31, 2009, the Company paid an additional $8.8 million in respect of these
claims.
During September and October 2009, there were developments, including two court
rulings, relating to coverages under certain insurance policies on the claims that caused
the Company to reevaluate its position on maintaining a recorded insurance recoverable. The
fact that the Company received an adverse ruling in its case against the insurer on its
Comprehensive General Liability policy, and a reevaluation of the Companys position by new
legal counsel, caused the Company to reverse $63.2 million of the receivable during the
quarter ended September 30, 2009. The Company also received a favorable summary judgment
relating to an insurance providers duty to
defend the Company under its Miscellaneous Professional Liability policy. In light of
these developments, the Company did not believe it is appropriate to carry more than the
anticipated $20 million recovery for compensatory damages on the Miscellaneous Professional
Liability policy as a receivable as of September 30, 2009. During the quarter ended
December 31, 2009, the Company received payments of $11.8 million relating to the
Miscellaneous Professional Liability Policy and continued to negotiate with the carrier who
had been found to act in bad faith under the terms of that policy. Subsequent to December
31, 2009, the Company reached a settlement agreement with the same carrier for an additional
$16.2 million to be paid by February 6, 2010. The
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 12
Company has not changed its legal
strategy and will continue to pursue collection of the remaining amounts under its insurance
policies.
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Please revise Note K Legal Proceedings to provide disclosure required by ASC Topic
450 related to the fraud claim. In addition, if your policy for recording legal
expenses associated with loss contingencies is other than as incurred, please disclose
your accounting policy indicating which legal costs are accrued and the circumstances
which an accrual is required. If the aggregate accrual for legal costs was material in
any period, disclose the amount and the periods and the purpose for which the accrual
was made. |
In response to the Staffs comment on revision of Note K- Legal Proceedings, the Company does
not believe that disclosure regarding the Norton Litigations would be appropriate in that footnote.
As discussed above in response to the first comment, the Company is in the business of title
insurance and escrow services. This matter and the claims made relating to this matter relate to
the Companys operations, and losses and any associated recovery would be governed under ASC Topic
944-40-30-3 Claim Costs and Liabilities for Future Policy Benefits. The Company reserves for
activities relating to title insurance and escrow services through its provision for claim losses
and accounts for recoveries relating to claims payments as a reduction of claims payments in its
reserve for claim losses. As described above, the claims in the Norton Litigations are claims
against the Company for providing title and escrow related services on transactions that proved to
be fraudulent. The Company believes that appropriate disclosure relating to this activity is
presented in its description of its reserves for claim losses and payments, which was set forth in
Note G Summary of Reserve for Claim Losses in its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
2009. Legal costs associated with paying claims are also included in FNFs reserve for claim
losses. FNFs policy regarding legal costs that are not claim-related is to expense them as
incurred.
As requested by the Staffs letter, FNF acknowledges that:
|
- |
|
FNF is responsible for the adequacy and accuracy of
the disclosure in the filings; |
|
|
- |
|
Staff comments or changes to disclosure in response to Staff
comments do not foreclose the Commission from taking any action with respect to
the filings; and |
|
|
- |
|
FNF may not assert Staff comments as a defense in any
proceedings initiated by the Commission or any person under the federal
securities laws of the United States. |
Securities and Exchange Commission
January 22, 2010
Page 13
We would appreciate receiving any further comments at the Staffs earliest possible
convenience. If you should have any questions or comments regarding this letter, please contact
Robert S. Rachofsky at 212-259-8088 or Margarita Glinets at 212-259-8448.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Robert S. Rachofsky
Robert S. Rachofsky
EXHIBIT A
Chicago Title re Underlying Cases
FIRST WAVE COMPLAINTS AND SETTLEMENTS
|
|
|
|
|
CASE NAME |
|
PLAINTIFF(S) |
|
DATE COMPLAINT FILED |
Barbara Cropper
|
|
CROPPER
|
|
12/1/05 Original Complaint |
|
|
|
|
|
v.
|
|
Barbara Cropper
|
|
5/31/06 (Operative 1sd Amended Complaint) |
|
|
|
|
|
Rollo Richard Norton II, Scott
Greer, David Price, Safe Harbor
Financial, Inc, Safe Harbor II, LLC,
Norton Financial LTD, Fisherv, First
Trust Corporation, Cross Properties,
LLC.
|
|
|
|
NB: Chicago Title defendants not named in Original
or 1st Amended Complaint;
Substituted as defendants on March 21, 2007, which
related back to 1st Amended Complaint |
|
|
|
|
|
Kathleen T. Gilfillan and Rose Ludwig
|
|
GILFILLAN/LUDWIG
|
|
12/29/05 Original Complaint |
|
|
|
|
|
v.
|
|
Kathleen Gilfillan
|
|
9/7/06 (Operative 3rd Amended Complaint) |
|
|
|
|
|
Rollo Richard Norton, Shelly Norton,
Scott A. Greer, Todd Johnson, David
Price, Lawyers Title Company,
Chicago Title Company, Chicago Title
Insurance Company, Craig Gainor,
Terri Gainor, Zuzzette Nieto, Safe
Harbor II, LLC, Safe Harbor
Financial Investments, Inc.,
Handle-Tie Properties LLC, Cross
|
|
Rose Ludwig
|
|
NB: Chicago Title defendants not named in Original
Complaint; first named as defendants in
2nd Amended Complaint filed on June 6,
2006. |
|
|
|
|
|
CASE NAME |
|
PLAINTIFF(S) |
|
DATE COMPLAINT FILED |
Properties LLC, Norton Financial,
LTD, Bank Of America, N.A. John L.
Smaha, as trustee of Norton Entities
Pool Trust. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Roger L. Lankford & Myra J. Lankford
|
|
LANKFORD
|
|
9/30/05 Original Complaint |
|
|
|
|
|
v.
|
|
Roger and Myra Lankford
|
|
7/18/06 (Operative 2nd Amended Complaint) |
|
|
|
|
|
Rollo Richard Norton, Safe Harbor
II, LLC, Safe Harbor Financial
Investments, Inc., Norton
Financial, LTD, Cross Properties
LLC, Rick Norton, Shelly Norton,
Scott Greer, Todd Johnson, David
Price, John L. Smaha, Norton
Entities Pool Trust, Lawyers Title
Company, Chicago Title Company,
Chicago Title Insurance Company,
Craig Gainor, Zuzzette Nieto,
Handle-Tie Properties.
|
|
|
|
NB: Chicago Title defendants not named in Original
Complaint; first named as defendants in the
2nd Amended Complaint. |
|
|
|
|
|
Cora Burke, Stephanie Burke, William
Burke, Keith Holdaway, and Joni
Holdaway
v.
Safe Harbor Financial, Safe Harbor
II, Norton Financial LTD, Cross
Properties, Rollo Richard Norton,
Shelly Norton, Scott Greer, Todd
Johnson, David Price,
|
|
BURKES
Cora Burke, Stephanie
Burke, and William Burke
HOLDAWAY
Keith and Joni Holdaway
|
|
2/15/06 Original Complaint
10/11/06 (Operative 2nd Amended Complaint)
NB: Chicago Title defendants not named in Original
Complaint; first named in 1st Amended
Complaint filed on July 10, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
CASE NAME |
|
PLAINTIFF(S) |
|
DATE COMPLAINT FILED |
Chicago Title
Company, Chicago Title. |
|
HOLDAWAY (SR) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robert Holdaway, Cumorah Holdaway, &
W.R. Holdaway & Son,
v.
|
|
Robert, Cumorah, and
W.R. Holdaway & Son
|
|
5/8/06 Original Complaint
11/27/06 (Operative 2nd Amended Complaint) |
|
|
|
|
|
Rollo Richard Norton, Shelly Norton,
Scott A. Greer, Todd Johnson, David
Price, Chicago Title Company,
Chicago Title Insurance Company,
Craig Gainor, Zuzzette Nieto, Safe
Harbor II, LLC, Safe Harbor
Financial Investments, Inc.,
Handle-Tie Properties LLC, Cross
Properties LLC, Norton Financial,
LTD, John L. Smaha, as trustee of
Norton Entities Pool Trust, and
Norton Entities Pool Trust. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony J. Marino and Janet F. Marino
|
|
MARINO
|
|
9/1/06 Original Complaint |
|
|
|
|
|
v.
|
|
Anthony and Janet Marino
|
|
10/19/06 (Operative 1st Amended Complaint) |
|
|
|
|
|
Rollo Richard Norton, Shelly Norton,
Scott A. Greer, Todd Johnson, David
Price, Chicago Title Company,
Chicago Title Insurance Company,
Michael Godwin, Craig Gainor,
Zuzzette Nieto, Safe Harbor II,
LLC, Safe Harbor Financial
Investments, Inc., Handle-Tie
Properties LLC, Cross Properties
LLC, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASE NAME |
|
PLAINTIFF(S) |
|
DATE COMPLAINT FILED |
Norton Financial LTD, Qualifund
Financial Inc, Daniel Schuetz, Smaha
& Daley, APC, and Norton Entities
Pool Trust. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemma Ramsour
|
|
RAMSOUR
|
|
9/15/06 Original Complaint |
|
|
|
|
|
v.
|
|
Gemma Ramsour
|
|
4/24/07 (Operative 2nd Amended Complaint) |
|
|
|
|
|
Rollo Richard Norton II, Shelly
Norton, Scott A. Greer, Todd
Johnson, David Price, Chicago Title
Company, Chicago Title Insurance
Company, Michael Godwin, Craig
Gainor, Zuzzette Nieto, Safe Harbor
II, LLC, Safe Harbor Financial
Investments, Inc., Norton
Financial LTD, and First California,
LLC. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euro-Canadian, Steven Lillie and
Ingeborg V. Lillie
|
|
EURO-CANADIAN, LILLIES
|
|
2/16/07 Original Complaint |
|
|
|
|
|
v.
|
|
Euro-Canadian, Steve and
Ingeborg Lillie
|
|
10/19/07 (Operative 2nd Amended Complaint) |
|
|
|
|
|
Rollo Richard Norton, II, Shelly
Norton, Scott A. Greer, Todd
Johnson, David Price, Chicago Title
Company, Chicago Title Insurance
Company, Craig Gainor, Zuzzette
Nieto, Safe Harbor II, LLC,
Safe
Harbor Financial Investment, Inc., |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASE NAME |
|
PLAINTIFF(S) |
|
DATE COMPLAINT FILED |
Handle-Tie Properties, Cross
Properties, LLC, Norton Financial,
LTC. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peggy Stout as conservator for Mary
Hamilton, Phyllis Noble, Norma
Hidalgo-Del Rio, Colleen Hoppe,
Dorothy Price, Doria Angus,
Ferdinand Dominguez, Teresita
Dominguez, and Ligaya Reyes.
v.
Chicago Title Company, Chicago Title
Insurance Company, Craig Gainor,
Rollo Richard Norton, Shelly Norton,
Scott Greer, Todd Johnson, David
Price, Safe Harbor II, LLC, Safe
Harbor Financial Investments, Inc.,
Handle-Tie Properties LLC, Cross
Properties LLC, Norton Financial,
LTD.
|
|
HAMILTON PLAINTIFFS
Peggy Stout as
conservator for Mary
Hamilton, Dorothy Price,
Ligaya Reyes, Phyllis
Noble, Colleen Hoppe,
Norman Hidalgo-Del Rios,
Teresita and Ferdinand
Dominguez, Doris Angus,
et al.
|
|
5/24/07 Original Complaint
9/6/07 (Operative 1st Amended Complaint) |
|
|
|
|
|
No Complaint filed (threatened
litigation/draft complaint
submitted)
|
|
WILLIAMS
Harvey and Donna Williams |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No Complaint Filed
(threatened litigation/draft
complaint submitted)
|
|
CROCKETTS
Donald and April Crockett |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Betty Jeanne Miller, Michelle Price,
Tyler Truman, Emily Truman, Jamie
Johnson, Spencer Johnson, Curtis
Miller, James Miller, and Thomas
Miller
|
|
MILLER
Betty Jeanne Miller,
Michelle Price, Tyler
and
|
|
5/16/2008 Amended Complaint. |
|
|
|
|
|
CASE NAME |
|
PLAINTIFF(S) |
|
DATE COMPLAINT FILED |
v.
Chicago Title Company, Chicago Title
Insurance Company, Rollo Richard
Norton II, Scott Greer Safe Harbor
II, LLC, Safe Harbor Financial
Investments, Inc. (f.k.a. Safe
Harbor Financial, Inc.), Handle-Tie
Properties, LLC, Cross Properties
LLC, Norton Financial, Ltd.
|
|
Emily Truman, Jamie
and Spencer Johnson,
Curtis, James and Thomas
Miller. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Janet Wheeless, Allan M. Frostrom,
as Successor Trustee of the Janet L.
Wheeless Trust, Kimberly Secor,
Robert Stevens, Therese Sherriff,
and Oliver Coker, Jr.
v.
Chicago Title Company, Chicago Title
Insurance Company, Safe Harbor
Financial, Inc., Safe Harbor II,
LLC, Norton Financial Ltd., Cross
Properties, LLC, Rollo Richard
Norton, aka Rick Norton.
|
|
WHEELESS
Janet Wheeless, Allan M.
Frostrom, as Successor
Trustee of the Janet L.
Wheeless Trust, Kimberly
Secor, Robert Stevens,
Therese Sherriff, and
Oliver Coker, Jr.
|
|
05/22/2008 Original Complaint. |
|
|
|
|
|
Gwendolyn Dyson, Jimmy Lanear, John
Suchma, Doug Ford, Jennifer Ford,
Vergilio Esguerra, Luisita Esguerra,
David Christensen, Renae
Christensen, Sandra Bartlow, Tammy
Carlson, Tyler Carlson, Craig
Warner, and Laura Warner
|
|
DYSON
Gwendolyn Dyson, Jimmy
Lanear, John Suchma,
Doug and Jennifer Ford,
Vergilio
|
|
05/28/2008 Original Complaint. |
|
|
|
|
|
CASE NAME |
|
PLAINTIFF(S) |
|
DATE COMPLAINT FILED |
v.
Chicago Title Company, Chicago Title
Insurance company, Harbor Financial,
Inc., Safe Harbor II, LLC, Norton
Financial Ltd., Cross Properties,
LLC, Rollo Richard Norton, aka Rick
Norton.
|
|
and Luisita
Esguerra, David and
Renae Christensen,
Sandra Bartlow, Tammy
and Tyler Carlson, Craig
and Laura Warner. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James Tearnan, Judith Tearnan,
Wiebeke Kallman, N. Kenneth Carr,
Lorraine Carr, Ralph Price, Virginia
Price, Ken Carr, Susan Carr,
Patricia Barzee, S. Tod Johnson,
Lucille Johnson, Casiano Macawili,
Angelita Macawili, Yancey Thigpen,
and Maria Thigpen
v.
Chicago Title Company, Chicago Title
Insurance Company, Safe Harbor
Financial, Inc., Safe Harbor II,
LLC, Norton Financial Ltd., Cross
Properties, LLC, Rollo Richard
Norton, aka Rick Norton.
|
|
TEARNAN
James and Judith
Tearnan, Wiebeke
Kallman, N. Kenneth and
Lorraine Carr, Ralph and
Virginia Price, Ken and
Susan Carr, Patricia
Barzee, S. Tod and
Lucille Johnson, Casiano
and Angelita Macawili,
Yancey and Maria
Thigpen.
|
|
5/30/2008 Original Complaint. |
|
|
|
|
|
EXHIBIT
B
Norton Claim Recoverable Rollforward
2007-2009
$ in Thousands
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rollforward of Insurance Recoverable |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2010 to date |
|
|
Cumulative to Date |
|
Beginning Insurance Recoverable, December 31, |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
31,439 |
|
|
$ |
81,354 |
|
|
$ |
8,200 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Claim Payments(including claim related legal costs) |
|
|
51,938 |
|
|
|
83,121 |
|
|
|
13,207 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
148,266 |
|
Recoupments from Insurers, net |
|
|
(15,499 |
) |
|
|
(28,206 |
) |
|
|
(10,935 |
) |
|
|
(16,200 |
)b |
|
|
(70,840 |
) |
Deductible |
|
|
(5,000 |
)a |
|
|
(5,000 |
)a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10,000 |
) |
Items not impacting recoverable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12,226 |
) |
|
|
8,000 |
|
|
|
(4,226 |
) |
Adjustment to recoverable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(63,200 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(63,200 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending Insurance Recoverable, December 31, |
|
$ |
31,439 |
|
|
$ |
81,354 |
|
|
$ |
8,200 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a |
|
Originally the Company applied the $5 million deductible relating to the MPL Policies and once the claims went over the $60 million limit
on those policies, increased the deductible to $10 million that would have been considered under the title reinsurance policy |
|
b |
|
In the first quarter of 2010, the Company reached settlement with the third layer of the MPL policy and will receive
an additional $16 million which will offset the remaining $8.2 million receivable at 12-31-09 and the remainder will be recorded
as additional recovery in the first quarter of 2010. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended |
|
3/31/2007 |
|
|
6/30/2007 |
|
|
9/30/2007 |
|
|
12/31/2007 |
|
|
3/31/2008 |
|
|
6/30/2008 |
|
|
9/30/2008 |
|
|
12/31/2008 |
|
|
3/31/2009 |
|
|
6/30/2009 |
|
|
9/30/2009 |
|
|
12/31/2009 |
|
Beginning Insurance Recoverable |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
12,531 |
|
|
$ |
15,546 |
|
|
$ |
31,439 |
|
|
$ |
78,262 |
|
|
$ |
79,431 |
|
|
$ |
81,354 |
|
|
$ |
81,354 |
|
|
$ |
80,309 |
|
|
$ |
81,264 |
|
|
$ |
20,000 |
|
Claim Payments(including claim related legal costs) |
|
|
3,577 |
|
|
|
14,452 |
|
|
|
3,015 |
|
|
|
30,894 |
|
|
|
79,325 |
|
|
|
1,179 |
|
|
|
2,617 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,450 |
|
|
|
955 |
|
|
|
1,961 |
|
|
|
8,841 |
a |
Recoupments from Insurers |
|
|
(173 |
) |
|
|
(325 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15,001 |
) |
|
|
(27,502 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(694 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,495 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(25 |
) |
|
|
(11,800 |
)b |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,385 |
c |
Deductible |
|
|
(3,404 |
) |
|
|
(1,596 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Items not impacting recoverable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12,226 |
)d |
Adjustment to recoverable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(63,200 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending Insurance Recoverable |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
12,531 |
|
|
$ |
15,546 |
|
|
$ |
31,439 |
|
|
$ |
78,262 |
|
|
$ |
79,431 |
|
|
$ |
81,354 |
|
|
$ |
81,354 |
|
|
$ |
80,309 |
|
|
$ |
81,264 |
|
|
$ |
20,000 |
|
|
$ |
8,200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a |
|
These payments were for legal costs paid relating to claims and were not accrued for as a receivable |
|
b |
|
Recoupment from the insurer of the third level of the MPL Policy |
|
c |
|
Reimbursement of a previous recoupment due to legal ruling on GL Policy |
|
d |
|
This is the sum of items a and c that were not recorded as additions to the insurance recoverable in the 4th quarter of 2009 |